Methodology

The value of this site is in figures you can check and in tables nobody else has bothered to build. That depends on the method behind them, so it is set out here.

Sourcing

Figures, names, and frequency claims are sourced. Where a number has no traceable source, it is dropped or stated as a triangulated estimate — labelled as such, with its inputs shown. "Many expats" and "studies show" are not treated as claims without a citation behind them.

Every figure is dated

Exchange rates move, premiums reprice, visa thresholds change. So each figure carries the date it was last checked, and fast-moving figures are re-verified on a schedule. A figure without a date is hard to trust; here, it gets one.

Triangulation, stated as such

Some of the most important quantities — return rates, lonely-death frequencies, true long-term-care costs — are not published cleanly anywhere. Where the honest answer is an estimate built from several partial sources, the page says so plainly, shows the inputs, and gives the direction of the uncertainty rather than a false-precision point figure.

Original aggregation

Every substantial piece carries at least one thing built from scratch: a cross-insurer premium table by age, a multi-year drawdown run, a triangulated estimate with its working shown. The single scattered figures are easy to find; the table that puts them together, dated and comparable, is the work. That is what this site is for.

Corrections

If a figure is wrong, it gets fixed and the change is noted. Send corrections — sourced where possible — via the contact page. A specific, sourced correction is the most useful thing you can send.

This is not advice

Sourced data describes a population; it does not prescribe your decision. Verify your own case with a licensed professional. See Not advice and Disclosure.